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Mortalidad de Cáncer Gástrico en México 2005-2015: Perfil Epidemiológico

Jessie N Zurita-Cruz, Leticia Manuel-Apolinar, María Luisa Arellano-Flores, Rosa Angélica Carranza- Muleiro, Gutierrez-Gonzalez A, Victor Hugo Borja Aburto, Nelly Cisneros-González*

Objective: To characterize the behavior of gastric cancer, by educational level, area of residence (rural/urban), age group and mortality in the Mexican population that attended the IMSS from 2005 to 2015.
Material and methods: by means of registration of Family Medical Units and data platform Non-Communicable Disease Analysis System (SANENT) we analyzed the patients with registry according to ICD-10: C16; The general characteristics of the population (sex, schooling and type of housing), the incidence and mortality in the years included were described. Statistical analysis: We calculated the average and standard deviation of quantitative variables and proportions for qualitative variables. To compare the incidence and mortality rates between the years analyzed, and the characteristics of the population was by Chi square test. SPSS v.17.0 was used for statistical analysis.
Results: In the period from 2005 to 2015, which equals 10 years, a total of 21,761 deaths secondary to gastric cancer with an average death rate of 8.1 × 100,000 members of the IMSS. The overall mortality rate of gastric cancer has declined steadily (year 2005: rate 8.08 × 100,000 vs. 2015: rate of 6.9 × 100,000 p<0.001). This decline has been at the expense of the decline in the mortality rate in women, while in men the mortality rate remained high from 2005 to 2015 (8.2 and 8.5 × 100,000 affiliated to the IMSS, respectively). With regard to educational level, and rural or urban housing, it was consistently demonstrated in 2005, 2010 and 2015 that there was a greater proportion of deceased subjects with a low school level and living in an urban environment.
Conclusions: A decline in the overall mortality rate was observed, men were the sex most affected in the mortality rate, and did not change over time. It is essential to continue and implement national programs for the timely detection of this disease, with a greater focus on males because they are the most affected and have an impact on the mortality rate.